Jeremiah carhart



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JEREMIAH CARHART, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

MACHINE FOR PLANING METAL.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 24,792, dated July 19, 1859.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEREMIAH CARHART, of the city, county, and State ofNew York, have invented new and useful improvements in machinery forplaning metals, particularly applicable to smoothing and reducing to auniform thickness and width thin pieces of metal; and the following is afull and clear description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, which make part of the same, in which- Figure l,is a side view of my machine, Fig. 2, is a top View thereof, Fig. 3, isa cross section at line y, of Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 is a cross sectionimmediately in front of the cutters.

The operative machinery is supported by a firm bench of which Z, Z arethe legs, and t, t, the top. Along the whole length of the top of thisbench, extend two strong flanches f, f, one near each longitudinal edgethereof, leaving a space between them. At the lower inner edges of theseribs are bevel grooves the whole length thereof, the lower side of saidgrooves being formed by the upper surface of the bench t, as shown at gg. In these grooves are placed the outer edges of a2 reciprocating bedo, nearly as long as the top of the bench and supported therebythroughout. This traveling bed has al strong rib v', risinglongitudinally along its middle and reduced in thickness laterally so asto pass between the edging cutters. rib extends upward the proper heightfor supporting the metal to be reduced and dressed. A reciprocatingmotion is given to the bed b, from the driving wheel W, the shaft S, thebevel gear Gr, the shaft S', crank K, connecting rod R, and short arm awhich is firmly connected with the reciprocating bed and works `througha slot in thel top t of the bench.

At about two thirds of the distance from the crank end of the bench tothe opposite end, the cutter head H is placed, which is a strong blockof iron extending across from tianch f, to fianch f and firmly bolted tosaid fianches giving them the proper support for sustaining the strainupon them by the operation of the machine, there is a groove in thebottom of this block lengthwise of the inachine, suicient to allow therib r, of the reciprocating bed, with the piece of metal planed, to passfreely. In the face of this block toward the crank end of the machineare two horizontal grooves i t' for the side This.

cutters c, the edges of these which are on each side of the rib yr, arenearly level with the top of the rib ;-and in the same face of thecutter head, is a vertical groove e', directly over the said rib for thefacing cutter c, the cutters are held firmly in their places in thegrooves, each by a horizont-a1 strap bolt extending to the opposite sideof the cutter block and secured by nuts.

Directly in front of the cutters, and as near them as may be withoutobstructing the shavings, are the devices for guiding the metal to thecutters and holding itdown firmly, while being dressed. These are asfollows: Upon the top of each of the flanches f, f, directly in front ofthe cutters,

and opposite to each other, there are firmlyY bolted, strong plates ofmetal p, g2, of length equal to that of the longest plate intended to beplaned, and of width such that they extend nearly to the rib, o', on thetraveling bed, but having sufficient space between them for the said ribto pass freely between thereon; on the outer edges of these plates,flanches rise up, through which from the outer side, set screws pass,horizontally and cross-wise of the machine, their inner ends being alittle above the upper surfaces of the plates. Upon these plates insideof the tlanches thereon are placed two other strong plates of metal p',p', of about equal length with plates y), p, and of such width as tonearly meet over the rib r, but leaving space for lateral adjustment bythe set screws 11,11. The adjacent edges of these plates are rabbeted insuch a manner as to receive the plate to be planed between them andnearly inclose it on the upper side and edges.

The plates p', p, are held down upon the plates p, p, by strong springspressing against the bottom of the plates p, p, through a bolt passingup through openings in both plates, with a head at one end and a nut atthe other, the openings for these bolts should be elongated in the uppero1' lower plate transversely, to allow adjustment of the plates 71', 72,by the set screws c, o, to adapt them to the width of the plates to bedressed.

Fig. 5 represents in section, the manner in which the plates 79', p',are held down to the plate 79, '0 being the screw bolt and s,

the spring which is capable of adjustment and usually exerts a power ofabout five hundred pounds. And the depth of the rabbets in the inneredge of the plates p', p', are such that when the plate to be planed thereciprocating bed it (the plate to be planed) shall receive upon itsupper surface the full pressure due to the s rings s, Wlfule its edgesare guided laterally y the vertlcal sides of the rabbets. F'or planingblanks, di'erng in dimensions, the plates P n should be charlged nadaptation tgl-sto.'

As shavngs an 1 dxlst are 112:191@ to get :Ln between che platee p', eehleld er apron a is maderte extend Ownward from the places f m thesebbene and from the ends latex the Leere ov r e je between the mvo., toe At, the end opposl e t e cutnexand. nearest else hopper, the ra betsare mafie slightly trumpetlnouthed., Elle more readily to admlt theplate or blank to be dressed. Immedlately 1n front of this apparatus forholding and guiding the blanks, is the hopper which holds them, and fromwhich they are fed to the dressing apparatus; it consists of two stripsof metal of a trough form, standing vertically with their hollow sidesfacing eachother and directly over the bed rib 7', said rib serving as abottom. Both of these ver-- tical parts are supported on either side byarms from the lanch f, and the arms sustaining one of them are soadjustable as to adapt the hopper to blanks of different' lengths. Thehopper is shown at h, it, the

blanks are placed in it, one above the other,-

and are free to settle down, as the bottom blank is successively carriedforward and dressed. Along the top of the rib 7', toward the crank end,a thin strip of metal g, about the width of the top of the rib, is rmlybolted, the thickness and width of this strip are slightly less thanthose to be given to the blank by dressing, so that it can slide freely.under and between the cutters. The length of this strip should be equalto the whole distance the reciprocating bed is made to move, and itsback end should at each revolution, move entirely past the hopper andthe cutters, but its forward end should never reach the hopper.

The operation of this machine is as follows,rviz: The edge cutters areadjusted to the width to be given to the dressed blank, and at equaldistances on each side from the rib 7c. The face cutter is adjusted sothat the space between its edge and the upper surface of the rib 7', isequal to the thickness to be given to the blank. The hopper is thenfilled with blanks and the belt B, slipped upon the tight pulley givingmotion to the crank, which causes the bed plate b, with its rib 7', toreciprocate. When the back end of the strip g, is drawn forward of thehopper the blanks sink down and rest upon the top of the rib 7', butwhen it returns, the back end of the strip seizes the lowest blank andpushes it under the plates p, p, and carries it entirely past thecutters l `v which dress 1t, and reduce 1t, te e perfectly uniformwidthand thickness. As the bed returns, the blanks in the hopper restupon the top of the strip g, till its back end has passed the hopper,when they again sink down and rest upvqn the `tgp of the rlb fr, asbefore, the lowest 1n posltlon to be talen by the back end of the stripat the next throw of the craxllc. The parts for dressing brass Shouldmove at such a rate es to lane about four inches per Seeend, er verytele fe Asst is insiepeneebiy neeeeeeu-y eren portion the u s e t e pentively 1 efrom 11 ving-e or netter VWhile the blank ie throllgll thecuttex-s, devices for cleaning 1t at each operation.

purpose a sliding scraper is attached to the back of the hopperimmediately in front of the pressure plates p', p', the lower edge ofwhich rests upon the top of the rib 7', or strip g, according to theposition of said rib, and as the carriage is drawn forward, the scraperslides down from the surface of the feeding strip to that of the rib andscrapes the foreign matter from it before the blanks fall upon it. Butas the operation of this is insucient to clean the surface immediatelyat the feeding end of the strip g, a brush is placed on the underside ofthe end of an arm a', which is jointed at the front end of a cross barc. This arm a', has attached to its forward end another arm a. which ispushed back by a slight spring beneath, which holds the arm a', on theright side of the rib, and also at the outer extremity of the arm ai isis another arm am extending downward, which when the carriage iscompleting its motion forward for taking another blank, is struck by apin o, on the carriage and is carried forward a short distance, causingthe brush to sweep across the rib at the feeding end of the strip, andwhen the carriage begins to move in the opposite direction, the armbeing relieved from the pin is thrown back by the spring above mentionedand the brush is thus caused to sweep back across the rib, at the sameoint in an opposite direction, and the surace is thus perfectly cleaned,so that the blank will rest evenly on the top of the rib, to be carriedthrough the guiding and pressing apparatus and the cutters.

At the front end of the machine (see Fig. 6) a stop n, is placed on theleft flanch f, a little back of the front cross-bar against which thearm a", strikes to limit the movement of the brush, a stop for thispurpose might be placed on the other side of the machine as shown at72.. At the other end of the machine and immediately behind the cutterhead is a tube, in continuation of the groove in the cutter head blockopen at the bottom wide enough to allow the rib 7^, to

slide, but slightly narrower than the dressed l strips of nietal, forthe purpose f guiding the latter out of the inachine When finished. Thistube is represented at t, on the drawings.

It is obvious that the pressure plates may be made in one piece but Imuch prefer them as represented.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim, Y

l. The pressure plate or plates in combi nation with the reciprocatingbed and feeding strip, When said plates, extend substantially the lengthof the blank to be planed, and the bed travels far enough to carry thefeeding end of the strip entirely past the facing cutter', at eachoperation, substantially as set forth.

2. I also claim rabbeting the inner edges of the pressure plate orplates as described, in such manner, as to furnish at once, edge guidesand pressure for the blank While being fed to the cutters.

3. I also claini in combination With the pressure plates and cutters,the shields eX- tending downward from the pressure plates to protectthespace between the plates, from shavings and other foreign matter, asdescribed.

el. I also claiin in combination with the reciprocating bed and feeder,the scraper and brush acting in combination, for cleaning the bed andfeeder or feeding strip, substantially as described.

J. CARHART. Vitnesses:

IV. P. N. FITZGERALD, J. M. MURRAY.

